- Medically Reviewed by Mr Mfazo Hove Consultant Ophthalmologist
- Author: Chris Dunnington
- Published: February 24, 2025
Dry Eye Syndrome, also known as keratoconjunctivitis sicca or dry eye disease, is a common eye condition that affects millions of people worldwide. At Blue Fin Vision® Eye Clinic in London’s Harley Street, we understand the discomfort and frustration that dry eyes can cause. In this comprehensive guide, we’ll explore the causes, symptoms, and treatments for Dry Eye Syndrome, helping you understand this condition and the steps you can take to find relief.
Understanding Dry Eye Syndrome
Dry Eye Syndrome occurs when your eyes don’t produce enough tears or when the tears evaporate too quickly. This can lead to discomfort, irritation, and even vision problems. It’s a chronic condition that can affect people of all ages, but it’s more common in older adults and women, particularly after menopause.
The Importance of Tears
Tears play a crucial role in maintaining the health of your eyes. They:
- Lubricate the eye surface
- Protect against infections
- Wash away foreign particles
- Help maintain clear vision
Tears are composed of three layers:
- Mucin layer: The innermost layer that helps tears stick to the eye surface
- Aqueous layer: The middle watery layer that makes up most of the tear volume
- Lipid layer: The outer oily layer that prevents tears from evaporating too quickly
When any of these layers are disrupted, it can lead to Dry Eye Syndrome.
Causes of Dry Eye Syndrome
Dry Eye Syndrome can be caused by various factors, including:
Age and Hormonal Changes
As we age, our bodies produce fewer tears. Women are particularly susceptible to dry eyes due to hormonal changes during pregnancy, menopause, and while using oral contraceptives.
Environmental Factors
Exposure to wind, smoke, air conditioning, and low humidity can increase tear evaporation and contribute to dry eyes.
Digital Device Use
Prolonged use of computers, smartphones, and tablets can reduce blink rate, leading to increased tear evaporation.
Medications
Certain medications, including antihistamines, antidepressants, and blood pressure medications, can decrease tear production.
Medical Conditions
Autoimmune disorders like Sjögren’s syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis, and lupus can affect tear production.
Contact Lens Wear
Long-term use of contact lenses can contribute to dry eye symptoms.
Eyelid Problems
Conditions like blepharitis (inflammation of the eyelids) and meibomian gland dysfunction can disrupt the tear film.
Laser Eye Surgery
It’s important to note that laser eye surgery can cause dry eyes. While for most patients this is transient and they remain asymptomatic, in 1-2% of cases, it lasts longer than 6 months and requires intensive treatment.
For our laser eye surgery patients, we provide:
- Steroid eye drops for one week
- Lubricant eye drops for as long as needed
PRK (Photorefractive Keratectomy) Aftercare
PRK patients receive more extensive post-operative care:
- Steroid eye drops for one month
- Lubricant eye drops for as long as needed
Intra-Ocular Surgery Aftercare
For all intra-ocular surgeries, we supply:
- 6 weeks of post-operative drops, including both steroids and NSAIDs
Our Commitment to Your Recovery
At Blue Fin Vision®, we supply all post-operative medications for our surgery patients for the duration of their use. This comprehensive approach ensures that you have access to the necessary treatments without additional cost or inconvenience.
If you experience severe dry eye syndrome post-laser eye surgery, we provide the best medical therapy at no additional cost to you. This commitment to patient care is part of our ethos, which contributes to our excellent outcomes:
- Post-operative uveitis rate is less than 1%
- Post-operative cystoid macular oedema (CMO) is less than 0.1%
Symptoms of Dry Eye Syndrome
Recognising the symptoms of Dry Eye Syndrome is crucial for early diagnosis and treatment. Common symptoms include:
- Burning or stinging sensation in the eyes
- Gritty feeling, as if something is in your eye
- Redness and irritation
- Blurred vision, especially when reading or using a computer
- Light sensitivity
- Watery eyes (a reflex response to irritation)
- Difficulty wearing contact lenses
- Eye fatigue and discomfort
It’s important to note that symptoms can vary from person to person and may fluctuate throughout the day.
Diagnosing Dry Eye Syndrome
At Blue Fin Vision® Eye Clinic, our expert ophthalmologists use various tests to diagnose Dry Eye Syndrome:
- Schirmer’s test: Measures tear production
- Tear break-up time (TBUT): Assesses tear film stability
- Corneal staining: Reveals any damage to the eye surface
- Meibomian gland evaluation: Checks the function of oil-producing glands
These tests, combined with a thorough examination and discussion of your symptoms, help us determine the best treatment plan for your individual needs.
Treatment Options for Dry Eye Syndrome
Treating Dry Eye Syndrome often involves a multi-faceted approach. At our Harley Street eye clinic, we offer a range of treatments tailored to each patient’s specific needs:
Artificial Tears and Lubricating Eye Drops
Over-the-counter artificial tears can provide temporary relief for mild cases of dry eye. For more severe cases, we may prescribe preservative-free drops or ointments.
Lifestyle Changes
Simple adjustments can make a big difference:
- Blinking exercises: Especially when using digital devices
- Staying hydrated: Drinking plenty of water
- Using a humidifier: To add moisture to dry indoor air
- Wearing protective eyewear: When outdoors or in windy conditions
Nutritional Supplements
Omega-3 fatty acids, found in fish oil or flaxseed oil, may help improve tear quality.
Prescription Medications
For more severe cases, we may prescribe eye drops to reduce inflammation and increase tear production, and decrease inflammation associated with dry eye
Advanced Treatments
For patients with persistent symptoms, we offer advanced treatments such as:
- Punctal plugs: Small devices inserted into tear ducts to prevent tear drainage
- LipiFlow: A treatment that unblocks oil glands in the eyelids
- Intense Pulsed Light (IPL) therapy: To improve meibomian gland function
Managing Underlying Conditions
If your dry eye is related to an underlying health condition, treating that condition may help alleviate your symptoms.
Prevention and Self-Care
While not all cases of Dry Eye Syndrome can be prevented, there are steps you can take to reduce your risk and manage symptoms:
- Take regular breaks from screen time
- Practice good eyelid hygiene
- Protect your eyes from wind and dry air
- Quit smoking and avoid smoky environments
- Eat a balanced diet rich in omega-3 fatty acids
Why Choose Blue Fin Vision® for Dry Eye Treatment?
At Blue Fin Vision® Eye Clinic on Harley Street, London, we specialise in diagnosing and treating a wide range of eye conditions, including Dry Eye Syndrome. Our team of experienced ophthalmologists uses the latest technology and techniques to provide personalised care for each patient.
We understand that Dry Eye Syndrome can significantly impact your quality of life, affecting your work, hobbies, and daily activities. That’s why we’re committed to finding the most effective treatment plan for you, ensuring long-lasting relief and improved eye health.
Conclusion
Dry Eye Syndrome is a common but manageable condition. With the right diagnosis and treatment plan, most people can find significant relief from their symptoms. If you’re experiencing signs of dry eye, don’t suffer in silence. Contact Blue Fin Vision® Eye Clinic today to schedule a comprehensive eye examination.
Remember, your eye health is crucial to your overall well-being. Trust the experts at Blue Fin Vision® to provide the care and treatment you need for healthy, comfortable eyes.
