Oligoarthritis describes arthritis affecting a small number of joints, often four or fewer. Several systemic conditions with ocular involvement present in this way.
Relevance to eye health
Some oligoarthritic diseases are closely linked to uveitis.
- Juvenile idiopathic arthritis with oligoarticular pattern commonly associated with chronic anterior uveitis
- Enthesitis-related arthritis and spondyloarthropathies linked to acute anterior uveitis
- Red, painful, or photophobic eyes in such patients require urgent review
- Screening eye examinations are recommended in high-risk groups
Management
Joint and eye care are coordinated between rheumatology and ophthalmology.
- Systemic NSAIDs, DMARDs, or biologics for joint disease and uveitis control
- Topical steroids and cycloplegics during uveitis flares
- Regular slit-lamp screening for children with JIA, even without symptoms
- Education about promptly reporting ocular discomfort or visual change
