Eyelid swelling can result from local inflammation, infection, allergy, trauma, or systemic fluid imbalance. It may affect one or both lids.
Local Causes
Styes, chalazia, blepharitis, contact dermatitis, and insect bites commonly cause focal or diffuse swelling. More serious causes include preseptal or orbital cellulitis and allergic angioedema.
- Painful, red, and hot swelling often indicates infection
- Soft, itchy swelling is more suggestive of allergy
- Trauma can lead to bruising and puffiness around the orbit
- Kidney or cardiac issues may cause bilateral puffy lids, especially in the morning
When to Seek Urgent Care
Swelling with fever, reduced eye movements, vision changes, or severe pain may indicate orbital cellulitis or other emergencies. Mild swelling associated with allergy or blepharitis is usually managed in outpatient settings.
- History of recent infection, sinus disease, or injury is important
- Treatment ranges from cold compresses and antihistamines to antibiotics or surgery
- Recurrent swelling may reflect chronic lid disease or systemic problems
- Sudden swelling affecting breathing or swallowing is a medical emergency
