A sensation of eye pressure may reflect true raised intra‑ocular pressure or perceived fullness from surrounding tissues. It should not be ignored if persistent or painful.
Possible Explanations
Sinus congestion, tension headache, and eye strain frequently cause vague pressure around the eyes. Genuine elevation of eye pressure occurs in glaucoma or acute angle-closure, while inflammation inside the eye or orbit can produce deep, aching pressure.
- Acute glaucoma presents with severe pressure, redness, blur, and halos
- Sinus-related pressure often worsens when bending forward
- Orbital masses or thyroid eye disease can give a sense of fullness behind the eyes
- Anxiety and awareness of normal sensations sometimes mimic pressure
Assessment
Measurement of intra‑ocular pressure, examination of the optic nerve, and evaluation of sinuses and orbit help distinguish causes. Persistent or worsening pressure, especially with vision symptoms, warrants prompt review.
- Early detection and treatment of glaucoma protect long-term vision
- Decongestion, analgesia, or migraine therapy may relieve non‑ocular sources
- Urgent care is required for sudden painful pressure and visual loss
- Regular monitoring is important in patients at risk of raised eye pressure
