Sports eye injuries range from minor surface abrasions to sight‑threatening trauma such as globe rupture or retinal detachment. Fast‑moving balls, rackets, elbows, and fingers are typical causes.
Types of Injury
Blunt trauma can cause hyphema, orbital fractures, retinal tears, or macular damage, while penetrating injuries may occur with projectiles or broken spectacles.
- Corneal abrasions and foreign bodies are common in contact and ball sports.
- High‑risk activities include squash, racquetball, hockey, and combat sports.
- UV exposure in outdoor sports can lead to photokeratitis or pterygium over time.
- Unprotected eyes are far more vulnerable than those with sports‑grade shields.
Prevention and Response
Appropriate protective eyewear made from polycarbonate or similar impact‑resistant materials is key to prevention.
- Any significant eye trauma, loss of vision, or persistent pain should be assessed urgently.
- Players with one good eye or previous surgery should be especially cautious.
- Sports clubs can reduce injuries by mandating eye protection in high‑risk activities.
- Prompt treatment improves outcomes for many traumatic conditions.
