What Is Eyelid Surgery?

Posted May 27, 2025

Eyelid surgery, medically known as blepharoplasty, is a transformative procedure that can restore a youthful, refreshed appearance and improve vision when sagging eyelids become a concern. At Blue Fin Vision® Eye Clinic, with locations in London, Chelmsford, and Hatfield, we offer the highest standards of expertise and care in all aspects of eyelid surgery. This comprehensive guide will help you understand the causes, symptoms, and treatment options for eyelid conditions, and why Blue Fin Vision® is the trusted choice for your care.

What Is Eyelid Surgery?

Eyelid surgery, or blepharoplasty, is a surgical procedure designed to remove excess skin, muscle, and fat from the upper and/or lower eyelids. This can address both cosmetic concerns, such as a tired or aged appearance, and functional issues, such as impaired vision due to drooping eyelids. The procedure can be performed as:

Upper eyelid surgery: Targets sagging or hooded upper eyelids
Lower eyelid surgery: Addresses under-eye bags, puffiness, and loose skin
Combined eyelid surgery: Treats both upper and lower eyelids for a comprehensive result

Blepharoplasty is one of the most performed facial procedures, offering both aesthetic and practical benefits.

Causes: Why Do Eyelids Sag or Change?

Several factors can contribute to changes in the eyelids:

Ageing: The most common cause. Skin loses elasticity, muscles weaken, and fat accumulates, leading to sagging or puffy eyelids.
Genetics: Some people are predisposed to develop droopy eyelids or under-eye bags earlier in life.
Medical conditions: Allergies, chronic eye infections, or certain neurological conditions can affect eyelid appearance and function.
Lifestyle factors: Smoking, sun exposure, and poor sleep can accelerate changes in the delicate skin around the eyes.

These changes can result in:

Hooded or heavy upper eyelids
Bags or puffiness under the eyes
Loss of the natural eyelid crease
Difficulty keeping the eyes open

Symptoms: When to Consider Eyelid Surgery

You may benefit from eyelid surgery if you experience:

Impaired vision: Excess skin on the upper eyelids can block your peripheral vision, making daily tasks like reading or driving more difficult.
Tired or aged appearance: Sagging eyelids and under-eye bags can make you look older or constantly fatigued.
Heaviness or discomfort: Heavy eyelids can cause headaches, eye strain, or a feeling of pressure.
Difficulty keeping eyes open: Some people need to raise their eyebrows or tilt their head to see clearly, which can lead to tension headaches.
Watery or dry eyes: Changes in eyelid position can affect tear drainage and eye comfort.

If these symptoms affect your quality of life, a consultation with an experienced eye clinic is recommended.

Types of Eyelid Surgery

Upper Eyelid Surgery

Upper eyelid surgery removes excess skin, muscle, and sometimes fat from the upper eyelids. This can:

Restore a more youthful, alert appearance
Improve vision if sagging skin obstructs your sight
Recreate a defined eyelid crease

The incision is typically hidden within the natural crease of the eyelid, resulting in minimal visible scarring.

Lower Eyelid Surgery

Lower eyelid surgery targets puffiness, bags, and wrinkling beneath the eyes. Techniques include:

Removing or repositioning excess fat
Tightening loose skin and muscle
Smoothing the transition between the lower eyelid and cheek

Incisions are usually made just below the lash line or inside the lower eyelid (transconjunctival approach), leaving little to no visible scarring.

Combined Eyelid Surgery

For patients with concerns affecting both the upper and lower eyelids, combined eyelid surgery addresses all areas in a single procedure. This approach delivers the most comprehensive rejuvenation and is tailored to your unique anatomy and goals.

The Blepharoplasty Procedure: What to Expect

Consultation

Your journey begins with a thorough assessment at Blue Fin Vision® Eye Clinic in London, Chelmsford, or Hatfield. Our consultant ophthalmic surgeons will:

Review your medical history
Assess your eyelid anatomy and function
Discuss your goals and expectations
Explain the risks, benefits, and alternatives

Surgery

Eyelid surgery is typically performed under local anaesthesia with sedation, though general anaesthesia may be used for more extensive procedures. The operation usually takes between 30 minutes and one hour, depending on the complexity and whether both eyelids are treated.

Key steps include:

Marking the areas for precise removal of skin, muscle, or fat
Making incisions along natural creases or inside the eyelid
Removing or repositioning tissue as needed
Closing incisions with fine sutures for optimal healing

Recovery

Mild swelling and bruising are common and usually subside within 1–2 weeks
Blurred vision, dry eyes, or light sensitivity may occur temporarily
Most patients can resume normal activities within 1–2 weeks and return to full activity, including exercise, within a month
Final results become apparent as swelling resolves, revealing a more youthful and rested appearance

Our team provides comprehensive aftercare instructions and support throughout your recovery.

Benefits of Eyelid Surgery

Improved vision: Removal of excess skin can restore your full field of vision
Younger, refreshed appearance: Smoother, firmer eyelids help you look less tired and more alert
Increased comfort: Relief from heaviness, headaches, and eye strain
Boosted confidence: Many patients feel more self-assured in both professional and social settings

Risks and Considerations

As with any surgical procedure, eyelid surgery carries some risks, including:

Bruising and swelling
Dry or irritated eyes
Temporary difficulty closing the eyes
Infection or scarring (rare)
Need for revision surgery (uncommon)

At Blue Fin Vision®, our experienced surgeons use meticulous techniques to minimise risks and ensure a smooth, safe recovery. We will discuss your individual risk profile and answer all your questions during your consultation.

Why Choose Blue Fin Vision® Eye Clinic?

Expertise:
Our consultant ophthalmic surgeons are leaders in the field, with extensive experience in upper eyelid surgery, lower eyelid surgery, and combined eyelid surgery.

Personalised Care:
Every treatment plan is tailored to your unique anatomy, goals, and lifestyle. We listen, advise, and support you at every step.

Advanced Technology:
Our eye clinics in London, Chelmsford, and Hatfield are equipped with the latest surgical and diagnostic equipment, ensuring precision and safety.

Comprehensive Support:
From your first consultation to your final follow-up, our team is dedicated to your comfort, safety, and satisfaction.

Outstanding Results:
Our blepharoplasty before and after cases speak for themselves, with consistently high patient satisfaction and natural-looking outcomes.

Take the Next Step

If you are considering eyelid surgery, trust your vision and appearance to the experts at Blue Fin Vision®. Book a consultation at our eye clinic in London, Chelmsford, or Hatfield and discover how upper eyelid surgery, lower eyelid surgery, or combined eyelid surgery can help you achieve your goals.

Experience world-class care, advanced technology, and a personalised approach at Blue Fin Vision® Eye Clinic. Your journey to brighter, more confident eyes starts here.

What Is Eyelid Surgery?