A comprehensive eye exam assesses visual function and ocular health, not just the need for glasses. It plays a crucial role in detecting eye disease early.
Typical components
The exact sequence may vary, but usually includes:
- History taking about vision, general health, and medications
- Visual acuity testing and refraction to determine prescription
- External, slit-lamp, and fundus examination after pupil dilation where appropriate
- Additional tests such as pressure measurement, fields, or OCT when indicated
When and why
Regular exams help maintain eye and overall health.
- Children need checks to ensure normal visual development
- Adults should be examined periodically, with increased frequency after midlife or in high-risk groups
- Systemic diseases like diabetes and hypertension can be monitored via the eyes
- Early detection allows timely treatment to prevent avoidable sight loss
