Coats disease is an idiopathic retinal vascular disorder with telangiectatic vessels and exudation, typically in young males. It most often affects one eye.
Presentation
Children may present with visual loss or a white pupil.
- Yellow subretinal exudates and leaking telangiectatic vessels
- Progressive exudative retinal detachment if untreated
- Usually unilateral with no systemic associations in classic Coats disease
- Must be differentiated from retinoblastoma
Treatment
Therapy aims to ablate abnormal vessels and preserve structure.
- Cryotherapy or laser photocoagulation to telangiectasia
- Intravitreal anti-VEGF or steroids in selected cases
- Vitrectomy or drainage surgery for advanced detachment
- Long-term monitoring for recurrence or neovascular glaucoma
