Solar retinopathy is damage to the retina from looking directly at the sun or a solar eclipse. It can cause permanent central visual disturbance.
Symptoms and risk situations
Even brief unprotected viewing can injure the light-sensitive macula.
- Central blur, distortion, or a dark spot appearing shortly after exposure
- Possible headache and light sensitivity
- Highest risk during eclipses, sun-gazing rituals, or under the influence of drugs or alcohol
- OCT scanning shows characteristic central retinal changes
Management and prevention
There is no specific cure, so prevention is crucial. Some people experience partial spontaneous recovery.
- Observation and supportive care; steroids are not routinely helpful
- Low-vision aids if central damage persists
- Strict advice never to look at the sun without approved eclipse viewers
- Education about safe viewing for public events involving the sun
