Ganglion cell analysis evaluates the thickness of the macular inner retinal layers that contain ganglion cell bodies and inner plexiform connections. It provides another structural indicator of glaucomatous or optic nerve damage.
Technique
Macular OCT scans are segmented to isolate the ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer or ganglion cell complex. Thickness maps and deviation plots are generated and compared with normative databases.
- Focuses on the macula, where ganglion cell density is highest
- May detect damage even when peripapillary nerve fibre measurements are borderline
- Useful in eyes with anomalous discs where disc-based metrics are less reliable
- Requires accurate segmentation and good image quality
Clinical Importance
Ganglion cell analysis supports early glaucoma detection and monitoring, and can also show loss in optic neuropathies and neurodegenerative conditions. It complements nerve fibre layer and optic nerve head assessments.
- Patterns of thinning often correspond to specific visual field defects
- Macular structure-function relationships aid clinical decision-making
- Serial maps help judge stability versus progression
- Interpretation should consider coexisting macular pathology that may alter measurements
