Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a condition that affects the macula, the central part of the retina responsible for detailed vision. It is a leading cause of visual impairment in older adults.
Dry and wet AMD
Dry AMD causes a gradual thinning of the macula, while wet AMD develops when abnormal blood vessels leak fluid or blood beneath the retina. Wet AMD can lead to sudden distortion or loss of central vision and usually requires urgent treatment.
- Peripheral vision is typically preserved, so people are not completely blind
- Smoking and family history are important risk factors
- Regular monitoring and prompt reporting of new distortion are essential
- Diet, lifestyle and protective measures like sunglasses may support eye health
