Optic disc oedema is swelling of the optic nerve head, where the nerve enters the back of the eye.
What causes optic disc swelling
Many conditions can lead to this swelling, ranging from raised brain pressure to inflammation or blockage of the nerve’s blood supply. Some causes are urgent and may be life-threatening.
- Patients may notice blurred or dim vision, sometimes with blind spots
- Headache, nausea, or double vision can suggest raised brain pressure
- One or both eyes may be affected depending on the cause
- Routine eye checks sometimes detect swelling before symptoms appear
Urgent assessment and care
Optic disc oedema always needs prompt investigation to identify the underlying problem. Early diagnosis offers the best chance of protecting both sight and general health.
- Specialists may arrange brain scans and blood tests urgently
- Visual field tests and scans of the optic nerve help track changes
- Treatment focuses on the root cause, such as infection, inflammation, or pressure
- Report any sudden worsening of vision straight away
