Cystoid macular oedema CME is swelling of the macula with multiple fluid-filled spaces. It can occur after surgery, with inflammation, or in retinal vascular disease.
Symptoms and causes
CME affects detailed central vision.
- Blurred or distorted central vision and difficulty reading
- Causes include post-cataract surgery, uveitis, vein occlusion, and diabetes
- OCT scans show characteristic cystic spaces in the macula
- Fluorescein angiography often reveals petaloid leakage patterns
Treatment
Management depends on the underlying cause.
- Topical, periocular, or systemic anti-inflammatory drugs for post-surgical or inflammatory CME
- Anti-VEGF injections or steroids for vascular and diabetic causes
- Treating underlying uveitis or systemic disease
- Regular monitoring to track response and adjust therapy
