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Welcome to Blue Fin Vision Eye Clinic. In this blog post, we’ll dive into understanding astigmatism — a common eye condition that affects many people across the world. We’ll explore its causes, symptoms, and treatment options for anyone seeking a clearer understanding.
What is Astigmatism?
Astigmatism is a refractive error in the eye that causes blurred or distorted vision at all distances. Unlike a perfectly spherical cornea, a person with astigmatism has an irregularly shaped cornea or lens, resembling a rugby ball. This irregular shape prevents light from focusing properly on the retina, resulting in vision issues.
Symptoms of Astigmatism
Astigmatism can present through various symptoms, though blurred vision is the most common. Here are typical signs to watch out for:
- Blurred Vision: Objects may appear blurry or distorted both up close and at a distance.
- Headaches: Frequent headaches can be a result of eye strain.
- Squinting: The need to squint in order to see clearly.
- Fatigue: Eyes may feel tired after prolonged reading or screen time.
- Eye Strain: Discomfort or strain in the eyes during visual tasks.
- Difficulty Seeing at Night: Poor vision in low-light conditions, especially noticeable when driving at night.
If you notice any of these symptoms, it’s essential to schedule an eye test to detect potential problems and ensure safe vision, especially when driving.
Causes of Astigmatism
Astigmatism can be attributed to several factors, most of which are hereditary and genetic. Key causes include:
- Genetic Inheritance: Many people are born with astigmatism, especially premature or low birth weight babies.
- Developmental Changes: As children grow, the shape of their corneas can change, potentially leading to astigmatism.
- Keratoconus: A progressive eye disease causing the cornea to thin and bulge into a cone-like shape.
- Eye Surgery: Procedures like cataract surgery can alter the cornea’s shape, resulting in astigmatism.
- Eye Injury: Trauma or injury can scar the cornea, leading to astigmatism.
- Improper Use of Contact Lenses: Incorrect usage of rigid contact lenses can temporarily change the cornea’s shape.
Types of Astigmatism
Understanding the types of astigmatism can help manage the condition better. Here are the main categories:
- Corneal Astigmatism: The cornea is shaped irregularly like a rugby ball, affecting vision.
- Lenticular Astigmatism: The lens inside the eye is irregularly shaped, causing vision problems despite a normal cornea.
- Myopic Astigmatism: Nearsighted in one or both primary directions.
- Hyperopic Astigmatism: Farsighted in one or both primary directions.
- Mixed Astigmatism: A combination of myopia and hyperopia, causing overall blurry vision.
Diagnosing Astigmatism
If you suspect you have astigmatism, it’s crucial to have it diagnosed through a routine eye test. During the examination, an optometrist will:
- Discuss your symptoms and medical history.
- Perform pre-test exams.
- Conduct a comprehensive refraction assessment to determine the eye’s shape and power.
Based on the diagnosis, the optometrist will recommend a suitable treatment plan tailored to your needs.
Treatment for Astigmatism
Most cases of astigmatism can be effectively corrected through various treatments. Let’s explore the options:
Glasses
Prescribed glasses can correct the irregular shape of the cornea or lens, providing clearer and more focused vision.
Contact Lenses
Specialised toric contact lenses can address astigmatism caused by an irregular cornea. These lenses help even out corneal irregularities and improve vision.
Also known as refractive surgery, this procedure uses a laser to reshape the cornea, correcting the focusing problem.
In this surgical procedure, the eye’s natural lens is replaced with an artificial intraocular lens (IOL), reducing or eliminating the need for glasses or contact lenses.
Implantable Collamer Lens Surgery
ICL surgery is a procedure that corrects vision by implanting a lens between the iris and natural lens of the eye.
Choosing the right treatment option depends on several factors, including the severity of the condition and personal preferences. It’s important to consult an eye specialist for professional advice.
Managing Astigmatism
Neglecting to manage astigmatism can lead to further eye health issues, including:
- Lazy Eye (Amblyopia): If one eye is favoured during development, it can lead to amblyopia.
- Strabismus (Squint): Uncorrected astigmatism can cause the eyes to misalign.
Most individuals with astigmatism find relief through glasses or contact lenses, making it possible to lead a normal lifestyle.
Preventing Astigmatism
While there’s no guaranteed way to prevent astigmatism, maintaining healthy eye practices can help minimise its progression:
- Regular Eye Exams: Early detection through routine eye tests.
- Protective Eyewear: Wearing protective gear during activities that risk eye injury.
Conclusion
Astigmatism is a common and manageable eye condition. Regular eye examinations are crucial for an accurate diagnosis and effective management. By understanding astigmatism’s symptoms, causes, and treatment options, you can take proactive steps towards maintaining your eye health.
Should you have any concerns or would like to learn more, contact your local eye clinic for professional guidance.
