- Medically Reviewed by Mr Mfazo Hove Consultant Ophthalmologist
- Author: Chris Dunnington
- Published: February 11, 2025
At Blue Fin Vision® Eye Clinic on London’s prestigious Harley Street, we often encounter patients concerned about growths on their eyes. Two of the most common conditions we see are pinguecula and pterygium. While these growths may appear similar at first glance, they have distinct characteristics and potential impacts on your eye health. In this comprehensive guide, we’ll explore the differences between pinguecula and pterygium, their causes, symptoms, and treatment options.
What are Pinguecula and Pterygium?
A pinguecula is a benign, yellowish raised bump that forms on the conjunctiva, the clear membrane covering the white part of the eye (sclera). It typically appears on the nasal side of the eye and does not grow onto the cornea.
A pterygium, often referred to as “surfer’s eye”, is a wedge-shaped growth of fleshy tissue that starts on the conjunctiva and can extend onto the cornea. It’s usually pink or reddish in colour and has a more triangular shape compared to a pinguecula.
Key Differences
The main distinctions between pinguecula and pterygium are:
- Location: Pingueculae remain on the conjunctiva, while pterygia can grow onto the cornea.
- Appearance: Pingueculae are yellowish, while pterygia are often pink or red.
- Shape: Pingueculae are round or oval, whereas pterygia are more triangular or wing shaped.
- Potential impact: Pterygia can potentially affect vision if they grow over the cornea, while pingueculae generally do not.
Causes
Both pinguecula and pterygium share similar causes, primarily related to environmental factors:
- UV light exposure: Prolonged exposure to ultraviolet radiation from the sun is the primary risk factor.
- Environmental irritants: Dust, wind, and dry conditions can contribute to their development.
- Age: Both conditions are more common in adults over 40.
- Occupation: Outdoor workers and those in dusty environments are at higher risk.
Symptoms
Pinguecula Symptoms
- Small, yellowish bump on the white of the eye
- Mild irritation or grittiness
- Dry eye sensation
- Occasional redness
Pterygium Symptoms
- Fleshy, pink growth on the white of the eye
- Irritation and burning sensation
- Redness and inflammation
- Blurred vision (if growth extends onto the cornea)
- Cosmetic concerns
Diagnosis
At Blue Fin Vision® Eye Clinic in London, our experienced ophthalmologists use advanced diagnostic techniques to differentiate between pinguecula and pterygium:
- Slit-lamp examination: This allows for a detailed view of the eye’s surface.
- Corneal topography: To assess any impact on the cornea’s shape, particularly with pterygia.
- Visual acuity tests: To determine if vision is affected.
Treatment Options
The treatment approach for pinguecula and pterygium can vary based on severity and symptoms:
Conservative Management
For mild cases of both conditions:
- Artificial tears: To lubricate the eye and reduce irritation
- Protective eyewear: UV-blocking sunglasses to prevent further damage
- Lifestyle modifications: Avoiding environmental triggers when possible
Medical Treatments
For more symptomatic cases:
- Steroid eye drops: To manage inflammation and redness
- Vasoconstrictor eye drops: To reduce redness and irritation
Surgical Intervention
Surgery may be recommended in certain cases, particularly for pterygia:
- Pinguecula removal: Rarely necessary, but may be considered for severe irritation or cosmetic reasons
- Pterygium excision: Recommended if the growth affects vision or causes persistent discomfort
At Blue Fin Vision® on Harley Street, our surgeons use advanced techniques to minimise recurrence rates and ensure optimal outcomes.
Prevention Strategies
To reduce the risk of developing pinguecula or pterygium:
- Wear quality sunglasses: Choose CE-marked sunglasses that offer 100% UV protection.
- Use a wide-brimmed hat: For additional protection when outdoors.
- Apply artificial tears: Especially in dry or windy conditions.
- Limit exposure to irritants: Protect your eyes in dusty or smoky environments.
- Attend regular eye check-ups: Early detection allows for prompt management.
When to Seek Professional Help
While both pinguecula and pterygium are generally benign, it’s important to consult an eye specialist if you notice:
- Rapid growth or changes in appearance of the growth
- Persistent discomfort or irritation
- Any changes in vision
- Difficulty wearing contact lenses
Why Choose Blue Fin Vision® for Pinguecula and Pterygium Care?
As a leading eye clinic on London’s Harley Street, Blue Fin Vision® offers:
- Expert diagnosis: Our experienced ophthalmologists use state-of-the-art technology for accurate assessment.
- Personalised treatment plans: We tailor our approach to each patient’s unique needs.
- Advanced surgical techniques: For cases requiring intervention, we employ the latest, minimally invasive methods.
- Comprehensive aftercare: We provide thorough follow-up to ensure optimal healing and long-term eye health.
Conclusion
Understanding the differences between pinguecula and pterygium is crucial for maintaining optimal eye health. While these conditions share similarities, their potential impact on vision and treatment approaches can differ. At Blue Fin Vision® Eye Clinic in London, we’re committed to providing expert care for all eye conditions, ensuring our patients receive the most appropriate and effective treatments available.
If you’re concerned about any changes in your eyes or vision, don’t hesitate to book a consultation with our specialists. Early intervention is key to preserving your eye health and ensuring clear, comfortable vision for years to come.
Trust Blue Fin Vision® – your partner in exceptional eye care on Harley Street, London.
