Facial reanimation encompasses surgical and non‑surgical techniques to restore movement and symmetry after facial nerve paralysis. It aims to improve eye closure, smile, and overall facial expression.
Surgical Options
Procedures include nerve grafting, nerve transfers, muscle transposition, free functional muscle transfer, and static suspensions. Choice depends on duration of paralysis, remaining nerve function, and patient factors.
- Early nerve repair or transfer is preferred when possible to preserve muscle viability
- Late cases may need muscle flaps powered by cross‑facial or masseteric nerves
- Adjunct eyelid procedures protect the eye during recovery
- Rehabilitation with physiotherapy helps train new movements
Goals and Expectations
Complete restoration of normal movement is uncommon, but significant functional and cosmetic improvement is achievable. Treatment is highly individualised and often staged over time.
- Multidisciplinary teams coordinate oculoplastic, plastic, and neurologic care
- Botulinum toxin and fillers can fine‑tune asymmetry and synkinesis
- Realistic expectations and psychological support are vital
- Long‑term follow‑up monitors function and need for refinements
