An artificial cornea is another term for keratoprosthesis, an implanted device that substitutes for the damaged cornea to restore vision. Various designs exist using different materials and fixation methods.
Design Features
Most artificial corneas use a transparent central optic made of PMMA or similar material, attached to a surrounding carrier that integrates with host tissue. Some rely on donor corneal tissue, while others use synthetic or tooth‑derived support.
- Examples include the Boston keratoprosthesis, AlphaCor, and osteo‑odonto‑keratoprosthesis
- Each has specific indications, surgical steps, and risk profiles
- Common to all is the need for meticulous patient selection and follow‑up
- They are reserved for eyes where standard grafts are poor options
Considerations
Artificial corneas can restore useful vision but carry high risk of complications such as glaucoma, infection, and retinal detachment. Lifelong, intensive aftercare is mandatory.
- Patients usually continue topical antibiotics and other drops long term
- Protective eyewear and bandage contact lenses are often required
- Discussion in a tertiary corneal centre is necessary before proceeding
- Alternative low‑vision aids may be considered when risks outweigh benefits
