In ophthalmology, a steroid injection usually refers to delivering corticosteroid medication around or inside the eye to reduce inflammation and macular swelling. It may be periocular (around the eye) or intravitreal (into the vitreous).
Uses of Steroid Injections
Steroids are used for uveitis, some cases of diabetic macular oedema, macular oedema after vein occlusion, and post-surgical inflammation. They suppress inflammatory pathways and can reduce fluid in and around the retina.
- Can be given as single shots or longer-acting implants
- Particularly helpful when anti-VEGF therapy is insufficient or unsuitable
- Periocular injections target tissues without entering the globe in some situations
- Response and duration vary between individuals and indications
Risks and Monitoring
Steroid injections can raise intraocular pressure and accelerate cataract formation, so careful follow-up is essential. Infection risk is low but serious if it occurs.
- Regular pressure checks and optic nerve assessment are required
- Glaucoma patients need especially close monitoring
- Systemic steroid side effects are minimal with local injections but still considered
- Patients should report pain, redness, or sudden vision loss promptly
