Hyphema is bleeding in the front chamber of the eye after trauma. Management aims to protect the cornea and optic nerve while the blood absorbs.
Initial assessment and support
Urgent examination checks for other injuries, pressure changes, and risk factors. Many cases are managed conservatively.
- Bed rest with head elevation to help blood settle
- Eye shield protection and avoidance of strenuous activity
- Pain control with suitable medications avoiding certain anti-inflammatories
- Topical drops such as cycloplegics and steroids when indicated
Monitoring and surgical indications
Regular follow-up is essential, especially in the first few days when rebleeding is most likely. Surgery is needed only in selected cases.
- Pressure checks to detect spikes that could damage the optic nerve
- Frequent reviews in sickle cell disease and other high-risk groups
- Surgical washout if pressure stays high or corneal staining develops
- Long-term reviews to monitor for glaucoma or other late effects
