Puffy eyes describe generalised swelling or fullness around the eyelids and under‑eye area. It can be cosmetic or a sign of local or systemic issues.
Everyday Factors
Lack of sleep, salt-rich meals, alcohol, and crying commonly lead to transient puffiness. Age-related loosening of eyelid tissues and fat herniation also create chronic under‑eye bags.
- Allergy and sinus congestion cause puffy, itchy, or watery eyes
- Fluid retention from kidney, thyroid, or cardiac disease may present with puffy lids
- Some medications, including steroids, contribute to periorbital swelling
- Genetics play a strong role in baseline lid and under‑eye appearance
Addressing Puffiness
Management depends on cause, from lifestyle changes and cold compresses to medical treatment of allergy or systemic disease. Cosmetic concerns may be addressed with skincare or oculoplastic surgery.
- Persistent, asymmetric, or painful puffiness should be examined
- Elevating the head during sleep can reduce morning swelling
- Limiting salt and alcohol intake helps minimise fluid-related puffiness
- Specialist advice is recommended before considering surgical options
