Eye twitching, typically involving the eyelid, is most often a benign, self‑limiting spasm called eyelid myokymia. It usually affects one eye and does not close the lid fully.
Triggers
Common precipitating factors include stress, fatigue, excess caffeine, eye strain, and dry eye. Less commonly, more forceful spasms or associated facial movements may signal conditions such as blepharospasm or hemifacial spasm.
- Myokymia usually settles over days to weeks without specific treatment
- Persistent or severe contractions that impair vision need specialist review
- Neurological disease is rare but must be considered when other signs are present
- Certain medications or stimulants can contribute to twitching
Management
Reducing triggers, improving sleep, and managing dryness or strain often help. More serious disorders may require botulinum toxin injections or neurological assessment.
- Seek advice if twitching spreads beyond the eyelid or lasts longer than a few weeks
- Record frequency and associated symptoms to aid diagnosis
- Simple lubricating drops can ease surface irritation contributing to spasm
- Reassurance is appropriate once serious causes have been excluded
