PRESBYOND may be considered in well‑controlled diabetes without significant retinopathy, but advanced disease or poor control usually makes it unsuitable.
Factors supporting suitability
Both systemic and ocular status matter.
- Good glycaemic control with stable general health
- Minimal or no diabetic retinopathy and no macular oedema
- Stable prescription and healthy corneas
- Clear lenses and good expected visual potential
- Understanding that diabetes may still affect vision in the future
When it is often not advised
Higher risk and lower potential benefit.
- Proliferative retinopathy or diabetic macular oedema
- Poor systemic control increasing infection and healing risks
- Diabetes‑related cataract or other lens changes already affecting clarity
- Need for ongoing intravitreal treatments that take precedence
- Focus placed on metabolic and retinal stabilisation before refractive surgery
