Glaucoma often has a hereditary component, meaning close relatives of someone with glaucoma have a higher‑than‑average risk. However, lifestyle and other medical factors also play important roles.
Family Risk
First‑degree relatives of a person with primary open‑angle glaucoma are significantly more likely to develop the disease.
- Risk increases further when several family members are affected.
- Some glaucoma types, such as juvenile or congenital glaucoma, have stronger genetic links.
- People of certain ethnic backgrounds may be at higher baseline risk and benefit from earlier checks.
- Informing your eye professional about any family history helps shape your screening schedule.
What You Can Do
Genetic tendency does not mean glaucoma is inevitable.
- Regular comprehensive eye examinations with pressure measurement, optic nerve assessment, and visual fields are the best protection.
- Early detection allows treatment with drops, laser, or surgery to preserve vision.
- Managing blood pressure, avoiding smoking, and following treatment plans support nerve health.
- Encourage close relatives to have baseline glaucoma checks from mid‑adulthood or earlier if advised.
