Regular physical exercise supports eye health indirectly by improving cardiovascular fitness, blood flow, and metabolic control. It can reduce the risk or progression of several eye diseases.
Systemic Effects
Exercise helps manage blood pressure, blood sugar, and cholesterol, lowering the chances of conditions such as diabetic retinopathy, hypertensive retinopathy, and vascular occlusions. Better circulation benefits the optic nerve and retina.
- Maintaining a healthy weight reduces type 2 diabetes risk
- Aerobic activity supports overall vascular health affecting the eyes
- Some studies link regular exercise with reduced risk of age‑related eye disease
- Smoking cessation and exercise together offer additive benefits
Practical Advice
Most people should aim for regular moderate activity suited to their health status, alongside routine eye examinations. Those with existing eye conditions should discuss appropriate exercise levels with their clinicians.
- Certain advanced retinal or vascular conditions may require temporary exercise restrictions
- Protective eyewear is important for contact and ball sports
- Hydration and sun protection should be considered during outdoor activity
- Exercise is a complement, not an alternative, to medical treatment
