Retinal imaging refers to a range of techniques that capture detailed pictures or scans of the retina to aid diagnosis and monitoring of eye disease. Common methods include fundus photography, optical coherence tomography, and widefield imaging.
Techniques
Colour photographs document surface appearance, while OCT provides cross-sectional views of retinal layers. Widefield and scanning laser systems extend coverage into the far periphery and can incorporate angiography or autofluorescence.
- Non-invasive and usually performed after pupil dilation
- High-resolution images reveal subtle structural changes
- Different modalities highlight vessels, pigment, or fluid
- Digital storage allows side-by-side comparison over time
Clinical Role
Retinal imaging supports detection and management of conditions such as diabetic retinopathy, macular degeneration, vein occlusions, and inherited retinal disease. It enhances documentation, patient education, and communication between clinicians.
- Screening programmes often rely on photographic imaging
- Imaging helps judge response to treatments like injections or laser
- Quantitative tools can measure thickness, volume, or lesion size
- Findings complement but do not replace clinical examination
