Fluorescein angiography is a diagnostic test that uses a fluorescent dye and specialised camera to image the circulation of the retina and choroid. It helps identify leakage, blockage, and other vascular abnormalities at the back of the eye.
How the Test is Done
A fluorescent dye is injected into a vein in the arm and quickly travels to the eye. A camera takes a rapid sequence of photographs as the dye passes through the retinal and choroidal vessels, highlighting areas of normal and abnormal flow.
- Usually performed with dilated pupils
- Images capture early arterial, venous, and late phases
- Mild nausea or yellow discolouration of skin and urine can occur temporarily
- Serious allergic reactions are rare but monitored for during the test
Clinical Uses
Fluorescein angiography is widely used in assessing diabetic retinopathy, macular degeneration, vein occlusions, and many other retinal conditions. The patterns seen guide treatment decisions such as laser therapy or intravitreal injections.
- Shows areas of leakage, non-perfusion, and neovascularisation
- Helps differentiate between similar-appearing macular lesions
- Images can be compared over time to assess disease progression
- Often combined with OCT and other imaging for a full assessment
