A pterygium is a wing-shaped growth of conjunctival tissue that extends onto the cornea, usually from the nasal side. It is linked to chronic exposure to ultraviolet light, dust, and wind.
Symptoms
Pterygia may cause redness, irritation, and a cosmetic concern. Larger lesions can induce astigmatism or encroach on the visual axis, leading to blurred vision.
- More common in people who work outdoors
- May remain stable for years or slowly enlarge
- Can recur after removal, especially without UV protection
Management
Mild cases are managed with lubricants and sun protection. Progressive or visually significant pterygia may be removed surgically, often with conjunctival grafting.
Prevention
Regular use of UV-blocking sunglasses and hats helps reduce the risk of developing or worsening pterygium.
