Metamorphopsia is a visual symptom in which straight lines appear wavy or objects look distorted in size or shape. It usually reflects a problem affecting the macula, the part of the retina responsible for detailed central vision.
Common Causes
Metamorphopsia can occur in macular conditions such as epiretinal membrane, macular hole, age-related macular degeneration, or macular oedema. These disorders disturb the regular arrangement of photoreceptors so that images are projected unevenly on the retina.
- Often affects one eye more than the other
- Reading and recognising faces can become more difficult
- May be accompanied by blurred or dim central vision
- Changes can develop gradually or more suddenly, depending on the cause
Assessment and Monitoring
Evaluation includes careful examination of the macula and imaging tests such as OCT to identify any underlying structural changes. People are often advised to check each eye separately, for example with a grid, so that new or worsening distortion is detected early.
- OCT scans help distinguish between different macular conditions
- Treatment options depend on the specific diagnosis and severity
- Timely referral is important if metamorphopsia appears suddenly
- Regular monitoring can guide decisions about medical or surgical interventions
