Map-dot-fingerprint dystrophy is another name for epithelial basement membrane dystrophy, a corneal condition in which abnormal patterns form in the surface layers of the cornea. The descriptive terms refer to the map-like lines, dots, and fingerprint patterns seen on examination.
Clinical Features
As with epithelial basement membrane dystrophy, many individuals have no symptoms and the condition is discovered incidentally. When symptomatic, it can cause blurred or fluctuating vision and episodes of recurrent corneal erosion with pain, watering, and light sensitivity.
- Patterns include map-like lines, microcystic dots, and concentric fingerprint ridges
- Findings may change over time and can be asymmetrical between eyes
- Recurrent erosions often occur on the lower or central cornea
- Symptoms may be worse on waking or after minor trauma
Management
Management principles are the same as for epithelial basement membrane dystrophy, focusing on surface lubrication, prevention of erosions, and procedural treatments when needed to smooth the cornea and improve adhesion.
- Night-time ointment and daytime lubricants are commonly used
- Bandage contact lenses or hypertonic saline may reduce erosion episodes
- Superficial keratectomy or phototherapeutic keratectomy can be considered for persistent symptoms
- Regular review helps monitor visual impact and recurrence of erosions
