Herpes simplex keratitis is a recurrent viral infection of the cornea caused by herpes simplex virus. It is a leading cause of corneal scarring and visual loss in adults.
Types and symptoms
The infection can affect the surface epithelium (dendritic ulcer), deeper corneal layers, or cause inflammation inside the eye. Symptoms often include pain, redness, light sensitivity, and blurred vision in one eye.
- Tends to recur, especially during illness or stress
- May reduce corneal sensation over time
- Repeated episodes increase the risk of permanent scarring
Treatment
Management usually involves antiviral tablets or eye drops, and in some cases topical steroids under close supervision. Long-term prophylactic antiviral therapy may be recommended to reduce recurrences, typically monitored within general ophthalmology services.
