Corneal scarring occurs when the normally clear corneal tissue is damaged and heals with opaque or irregular tissue. Scars can reduce vision by blocking or distorting light entering the eye.
Common Causes
Infections such as bacterial, viral, or fungal keratitis are important causes of corneal scarring worldwide. Trauma, chemical injuries, and severe dry eye can also damage the surface and leave permanent marks.
- Contact lensrelated infections can lead to central scars
- Advanced keratoconus may cause central scarring after hydrops
- Previous surgery or foreign bodies may leave localised opacities
Effect on Vision
Scars near the centre of the cornea have the greatest impact on sight, while peripheral scars may be less noticeable. Irregular scars can induce significant astigmatism and glare.
Treatment Options
Mild scarring may be managed with glasses or rigid contact lenses. More severe cases sometimes require procedures such as laser surface treatment or partial/full-thickness corneal transplantation.
