A giant retinal tear is a large break in the retina that extends across a big section of its circumference. It is a serious condition that often leads rapidly to retinal detachment if not treated urgently.
Why giant retinal tears develop
These tears usually occur in eyes with pre-existing risk factors. The vitreous gel pulls strongly on a thin, stretched retina, causing a long flap to lift.
- Very short-sighted eyes are more prone due to their elongated shape.
- Previous surgery, trauma, or genetic conditions can weaken the retina.
- Symptoms include sudden floaters, flashes, and loss of side vision.
- The retina may detach quickly, threatening central sight.
- Both eyes need careful ongoing monitoring.
Treatment and visual outlook
Surgery is almost always required and is usually performed urgently. Techniques include vitrectomy, heavy liquids, laser, and sometimes a scleral buckle to support the retina.
- Gas or silicone oil may be placed inside the eye to hold the retina in place.
- Positioning after surgery is crucial and your team will give clear instructions.
- Vision often improves but may not return fully to normal, especially if the macula was involved.
- Regular follow-up checks for redetachment or complications such as cataract and pressure change.
- Prompt attention to new symptoms offers the best chance of preserving sight.
