Dry age-related macular degeneration involves gradual thinning of the macula and build-up of drusen. It progresses more slowly than the wet form but can still reduce central vision.
Symptoms and progression
Early stages may cause few symptoms and are often spotted at routine exams.
- Slowly developing difficulty with reading and fine detail
- Need for brighter light and more contrast
- Central blur or blank spots in advanced geographic atrophy
- Risk of conversion to wet AMD in some patients
Management
There is no cure yet, but several strategies help protect vision.
- Regular monitoring with Amsler grid and dilated exams
- Smoking cessation and healthy diet rich in leafy greens and oily fish
- Specific vitamin supplements in eligible patients according to AREDS guidance
- Low-vision aids and rehabilitation for significant central loss
