- Medically Reviewed by Mr Mfazo Hove Consultant Ophthalmologist
- Author: Chris Dunnington
- Published: April 16, 2025
Eye infections are a frequent concern for many individuals, ranging from mild irritations to conditions that require urgent medical attention. Understanding the types of eye infections, their causes, symptoms, and treatments can help you take proactive steps to protect your vision. At Blue Fin Vision® Eye Clinic, with locations in London, Chelmsford, and Hatfield, we specialise in diagnosing and treating eye infections with expert care tailored to your needs.
This article explores 5 common eye infections and how to treat them, offering insights into effective management and prevention strategies.
What Are Eye Infections?
Eye infections occur when harmful microorganisms – such as bacteria, viruses, or fungi – invade the eye or surrounding areas. These infections can affect different parts of the eye, including the conjunctiva (the membrane covering the white of the eye), cornea, eyelids, or tear ducts.
Types of Eye Infections
The following are five common types of eye infections:
- Conjunctivitis (Pink Eye)
- Endophthalmitis
- Keratitis
- Stye (Hordeolum)
- Cellulitis
Let’s delve into each condition, including its causes, symptoms, and treatment options.
1. Conjunctivitis (Pink Eye)
Causes
Conjunctivitis is often caused by:
- Viruses (e.g., adenovirus).
- Bacteria (e.g., Staphylococcus aureus).
- Allergens like pollen or dust.
Symptoms
- Redness in the whites of the eyes.
- Discharge that may be watery or thick and yellow/green.
- Itchy or gritty sensation in the eyes.
Treatment
- Viral Conjunctivitis: Usually resolves on its own; cold compresses can alleviate discomfort.
- Bacterial Conjunctivitis: Antibiotic eye drops or ointments prescribed by an ophthalmologist.
- Allergic Conjunctivitis: Antihistamine drops and avoiding allergens are effective solutions.
At Blue Fin Vision®, our specialists provide accurate diagnosis and targeted treatments to ensure quick relief from conjunctivitis symptoms.
2. Endophthalmitis
Causes
Endophthalmitis is a severe infection inside the eye caused by:
- Bacterial contamination during surgery (e.g., cataract surgery).
- Penetrating injuries to the eye.
- Rarely, fungal infections spreading through the bloodstream.
Symptoms
- Severe pain in the eye.
- Rapid vision loss or blurring.
- Swelling and redness around the eye.
Treatment
Endophthalmitis requires urgent medical attention:
- Intravitreal antibiotics or antifungal injections administered directly into the eye to combat infection.
- Surgery may be necessary to remove infected tissue in severe cases.
At Blue Fin Vision®, our ophthalmologists provide prompt care for endophthalmitis to minimise complications and protect your vision.
3. Keratitis
Causes
Keratitis refers to inflammation of the cornea and can result from:
- Bacterial or viral infections (e.g., herpes simplex virus).
- Fungal infections due to contact lens misuse or injury.
- Dry eye syndrome or exposure to irritants like smoke or chemicals.
Symptoms
- Severe eye pain and sensitivity to light (photophobia).
- Blurred vision or reduced visual clarity.
- Redness and tearing.
Treatment
- Bacterial Keratitis: Antibiotic drops tailored to the specific infection type.
- Viral Keratitis: Antiviral medications such as acyclovir.
- Fungal Keratitis: Antifungal drops or oral medications.
Prompt treatment is essential to prevent complications like corneal scarring or vision loss—Blue Fin Vision® ensures rapid diagnosis and care for keratitis patients across London, Chelmsford, and Hatfield.
4. Stye (Hordeolum)
Causes
Styes are caused by bacterial infections in oil glands at the base of eyelashes, often due to:
- Poor eyelid hygiene.
- Blocked glands leading to bacterial growth.
Symptoms
- Painful red lump near the edge of the eyelid.
- Swelling around the affected area.
- Watery eyes.
Treatment
- Warm compresses applied several times a day to reduce swelling.
- Antibiotic ointments for severe cases prescribed by an ophthalmologist.
- Avoid squeezing or popping the stye as this may worsen infection.
Our expert team at Blue Fin Vision® provides effective stye management using advanced techniques for faster recovery.
5. Cellulitis
Cellulitis is an infection of the soft tissues around the eye that can be categorised into two types:
Pre-Septal Cellulitis
This milder form affects only the eyelid and surrounding skin without involving deeper structures.
Causes:
- Spread from sinus infections.
- Minor injuries near the eye allowing bacterial entry.
Symptoms:
- Swelling and redness around one eye.
- Pain but no restriction in eye movement.
Treatment:
- Oral antibiotics prescribed promptly.
- Monitoring for progression into orbital cellulitis.
Orbital Cellulitis
This more severe form involves deeper tissues around the eye socket and can lead to serious complications.
Causes:
- Advanced bacterial spread from sinus infections.
- Trauma near the orbit.
Symptoms:
- Severe swelling and redness around one or both eyes.
- Painful movement of the affected eye.
- Fever accompanying other symptoms.
Treatment:
- Intravenous antibiotics administered urgently.
- Hospitalisation may be required for close monitoring.
- Surgery may be necessary if abscesses develop.
At Blue Fin Vision®, our team ensures timely intervention for both pre-septal and orbital cellulitis cases to prevent further complications.
Why Choose Blue Fin Vision® Eye Clinic?
Blue Fin Vision® provides exceptional care for all types of eye infections with a focus on patient comfort and successful outcomes:
Expertise
Our ophthalmologists are leaders in diagnosing and treating complex eye conditions using cutting-edge technology.
Convenient Locations
With clinics in Harley Street (London), Chelmsford (Essex), and Hatfield (Hertfordshire), accessing expert care is simple and stress-free.
Personalised Care
We create tailored treatment plans based on your unique needs, ensuring optimal recovery and prevention strategies.
Take Control of Your Eye Health Today
If you’re experiencing symptoms of an eye infection, don’t wait – early diagnosis is essential for effective treatment and preventing complications. At Blue Fin Vision®, we’re committed to safeguarding your vision through expert care delivered with compassion.
Book your consultation today at one of our clinics in London, Chelmsford, or Hatfield – and let us help you achieve clearer vision and healthier eyes!
