Dry age-related macular degeneration is the slower, more common form of AMD. It causes gradual loss of central vision as macular cells wear out over time.
How dry AMD progresses
Waste material called drusen builds up under the retina. The supporting cells then thin, leading to patches of reduced function known as geographic atrophy.
- Vision changes are often subtle at first, such as needing more light to read.
- Words may fade or letters disappear in the middle of a line.
- Both eyes are usually affected, but often at different rates.
- Regular eye exams monitor for progression and signs of conversion to wet AMD.
- Smoking is a major risk factor and should be avoided.
Living with dry AMD
Although there is no cure yet, many tools help maintain independence. Support focuses on maximising remaining sight and protecting eye health.
- Bright, even lighting and high-contrast print make reading easier.
- Magnifiers, electronic readers, and large-print materials are very helpful.
- Some patients benefit from specific vitamin supplements after professional advice.
- Amsler grid testing can reveal sudden new distortion that may signal wet change.
- Low-vision clinics provide training and aids for everyday tasks.
