Glaucoma surgery comes in several forms, from traditional filtering operations to newer minimally invasive procedures. Each option balances pressure lowering, recovery time, and risk.
Traditional and tube surgeries
Trabeculectomy and tube shunts create new drainage pathways for fluid. They are usually chosen when significant pressure reduction is needed.
- Trabeculectomy forms a small drainage bleb under the upper eyelid
- Tube implants channel fluid from inside the eye to a plate further back
- Both require careful post-operative visits and drop adjustments
- Risks include infection, pressure swings, and scarring that may limit success
Minimally invasive options
Minimally invasive glaucoma surgery MIGS uses tiny devices or internal pathways. These techniques often pair with cataract surgery.
- Typically offer quicker recovery and fewer serious complications
- Usually provide moderate rather than very large pressure reductions
- May reduce but not eliminate the need for drops
- Choice depends on glaucoma type, severity, and previous operations
