Anterior segment disease refers to disorders affecting the front structures of the eye, including the cornea, conjunctiva, iris, lens, and anterior chamber. These structures play crucial roles in focusing and protecting the eye.
Examples
Conditions in this group include keratitis, corneal dystrophies, cataract, uveitis, glaucoma affecting the drainage angle, and many forms of trauma or infection. Symptoms often involve pain, redness, light sensitivity, and blurred vision.
- Some diseases are acute and sight‑threatening, requiring urgent care
- Others, such as cataract, progress slowly over years
- Systemic diseases and medications may contribute to anterior segment problems
- Assessment uses slit‑lamp examination, pressure measurement, and imaging
Treatment
Management ranges from lubricants and topical medication to laser procedures and surgery, depending on the specific diagnosis. Early recognition and appropriate referral are vital.
- Regular eye examinations help detect conditions like glaucoma and cataract
- Protective eyewear and infection control reduce risk of trauma or contact‑related disease
- Long‑term follow‑up is often needed for chronic inflammatory or pressure‑related disorders
- Patient education about symptoms that require urgent attention is essential
