Macula imaging refers to photographic and tomographic techniques used to visualise the macula, the central area of the retina responsible for detailed vision. It is central to diagnosing and monitoring macular disorders.
Techniques
Colour fundus photographs, OCT scans, autofluorescence, and angiography all contribute different information about macular structure and function. OCT provides cross-sectional views of retinal layers, while photographs show surface features and haemorrhages.
- Often performed with dilated pupils for optimal quality
- High-resolution scans can detect subtle fluid, thinning, or traction
- Autofluorescence maps retinal pigment epithelium health
- Angiography assesses vascular leakage and non-perfusion
Clinical Role
Macula imaging is essential in conditions such as macular degeneration, diabetic macular oedema, macular holes, and epiretinal membranes. Serial images help evaluate treatment response and guide further management.
- Quantitative OCT metrics track thickness and volume changes
- Photographic records assist in teaching and patient education
- Findings are correlated with symptoms and visual acuity
- Imaging protocols are tailored to the suspected diagnosis
