A dilated eye examination is an assessment in which drops are used to enlarge the pupils so the clinician can see a wider view of the retina and optic nerve. It provides more comprehensive information than examination through undilated pupils.
Process
Dilating drops are instilled into each eye and take several minutes to work, temporarily relaxing the muscles that control the pupil. Once the pupils are enlarged, lenses and lights are used to examine the retina, macula, blood vessels, and optic disc.
- Pupil dilation can blur near vision and increase light sensitivity for a few hours
- Effects are temporary and wear off gradually
- Examination may be combined with imaging such as OCT or photographs
- Essential for assessing peripheral retina and detecting subtle lesions
When it is Used
Dilated examinations are important in monitoring conditions such as diabetes, high myopia, and retinal disease, and are often performed before and after intraocular surgery. They help identify problems that may not be visible through small pupils.
- Recommended at intervals based on age, risk factors, and symptoms
- Vital when new floaters, flashes, or visual field defects occur
- Some people may need help with transport after dilation due to temporary blur
- Findings guide decisions on treatment, follow-up, and further testing
