Scleritis is inflammation of the sclera, the thick white outer coat of the eye. It is a painful condition that can threaten vision if not recognised and treated promptly.
Symptoms and Signs
People with scleritis usually experience deep eye pain that may radiate to the face or brow and often worsens with eye movement. The eye appears very red or violaceous, and there may be tenderness to touch, blurred vision, or sensitivity to light.
- Pain is typically severe and persistent, especially at night
- Redness involves deeper vessels and does not blanch easily with topical drops
- Both eyes can be affected, either at the same time or in sequence
- Associated headaches or general malaise may occur
Causes and Management
Scleritis is frequently linked with systemic autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis or vasculitis, though it can also occur without an identified cause. Treatment often involves systemic anti-inflammatory or immunosuppressive medication, coordinated with rheumatology or internal medicine teams.
- Blood tests and imaging may be arranged to investigate underlying disease
- An untreated episode can lead to thinning or perforation of the sclera
- Regular monitoring is required to assess response to therapy
- Prompt referral is important whenever scleritis is suspected
