Congenital cataract is a lens opacity present at birth or developing in early infancy. It can affect one or both eyes and may interfere with normal visual development.
Causes
Some congenital cataracts are hereditary, while others result from metabolic disorders, intrauterine infections, or structural eye anomalies. In many cases, no clear cause is identified despite investigation.
- Can occur in isolation or as part of a wider syndrome
- Severity ranges from small, non-significant opacities to dense cataracts
- Early detection through newborn and childhood screening is vital
Impact on Vision
Dense cataracts in early life can prevent the visual system from developing properly, leading to amblyopia. Prompt assessment by paediatric eye specialists is therefore crucial.
Treatment
Significant congenital cataracts are usually managed surgically, with visual rehabilitation using glasses or contact lenses.
