---
title: What is DMEK (descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty)?
description: "DMEK is a modern corneal transplant that replaces only the damaged endothelial layer at the back of the cornea. It is commonly used for conditions like Fuchs endothelial dystrophy. ## How the surgery is performed The surgeon removes the patient's…"
url: "https://bluefinvision.com/knowledge-base/topics/treatments-procedures/what-is-dmek-descemet-membrane-endothelial-keratoplasty/"
updated: "2025-12-16"
category: "Treatments & Procedures"
---

# What is DMEK (descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty)?

DMEK is a modern corneal transplant that replaces only the damaged endothelial layer at the back of the cornea. It is commonly used for conditions like Fuchs endothelial dystrophy.

## How the surgery is performed

The surgeon removes the patient's diseased endothelium through a small incision. A very thin donor graft containing Descemet membrane and healthy endothelial cells is then inserted and unfolded.

- An air or gas bubble presses the graft against the back of the cornea
- Patients often lie on their back for several hours to help it stick
- The incision is small and may need few or no stitches
- Topical drops are used afterwards to prevent rejection and infection

## Benefits and considerations

DMEK offers excellent visual potential and low rejection rates. However, it is technically demanding and not suitable for every eye.

- Vision often improves within weeks once swelling clears
- Detachments can occur and sometimes need rebubbling
- Some complex corneas may require other transplant types
- Regular follow-up checks pressure, clarity, and graft health