---
title: Cornea
description: "The cornea is the clear front window of the eye. It bends incoming light so it focuses sharply on the retina, allowing clear vision. ## What the cornea does The cornea has several thin layers that must remain clear and…"
url: "https://bluefinvision.com/knowledge-base/topics/eye-health/cornea/"
updated: "2025-12-17"
category: Eye Health
---

# Cornea

The cornea is the clear front window of the eye. It bends incoming light so it focuses sharply on the retina, allowing clear vision.

## What the cornea does

The cornea has several thin layers that must remain clear and smooth. Tiny nerves make it very sensitive, which helps protect the eye from harm.

- The outer epithelium acts as a barrier against dust, germs, and minor injuries.
- The middle stroma provides strength and must stay precisely organised to stay clear.
- The inner endothelium pumps out extra fluid to prevent corneal swelling.
- Even slight irregularities can cause blurred or distorted vision.
- Healthy tears are essential to keep the corneal surface smooth.

## Common corneal problems

Infections, injuries, dry eye, and conditions like keratoconus can affect the cornea. Symptoms often include pain, light sensitivity, watering, and blurred vision.

- Minor scratches usually heal quickly but may feel very painful.
- Contact lens overwear increases the risk of corneal infection.
- Keratoconus causes the cornea to become thinner and cone-shaped over time.
- Treatments range from drops and bandage lenses to cross-linking or transplant.
- Any sudden painful red eye or drop in vision needs urgent specialist review.