---
title: What is neurotrophic keratopathy?
description: "Neurotrophic keratopathy is corneal disease caused by reduced corneal sensation and impaired healing, leading to persistent epithelial defects, ulceration, and potential perforation. ## Causes and Features Damage to the trigeminal nerve from herpes simplex or zoster, neurosurgery, diabetes, or tumours…"
url: "https://bluefinvision.com/knowledge-base/topics/conditions-diseases/what-is-neurotrophic-keratopathy/"
updated: "2025-12-15"
category: "Conditions & Diseases"
---

# What is neurotrophic keratopathy?

Neurotrophic keratopathy is corneal disease caused by reduced corneal sensation and impaired healing, leading to persistent epithelial defects, ulceration, and potential perforation.

## Causes and Features

Damage to the trigeminal nerve from herpes simplex or zoster, neurosurgery, diabetes, or tumours can reduce corneal innervation.

- Patients may have surprisingly few symptoms despite significant surface damage because sensation is reduced.
- Signs range from punctate erosions to non‑healing ulcers and stromal melting.
- Associated lagophthalmos or dry eye can worsen exposure.
- Loss of blink reflex further compromises tear distribution.

## Treatment

Management aims to protect and heal the cornea while addressing underlying nerve dysfunction where possible.

- Frequent preservative‑free lubricants, therapeutic contact lenses, and tarsorrhaphy are common measures.
- Biologic treatments such as autologous serum or recombinant nerve growth factor may be considered in specialised centres.
- Regular follow‑up is essential because ulcers can progress rapidly without pain warning.
- Concurrent conditions like lagophthalmos or exposure require targeted surgical or medical therapy.