---
title: What is meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD)?
description: "Meibomian gland dysfunction is a common condition in which the oil‑secreting glands along the eyelid margins become blocked or produce poor‑quality meibum, destabilising the tear film and contributing to evaporative dry eye. ## Signs and Symptoms Patients may complain of…"
url: "https://bluefinvision.com/knowledge-base/topics/conditions-diseases/what-is-meibomian-gland-dysfunction-mgd/"
updated: "2025-12-15"
category: "Conditions & Diseases"
---

# What is meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD)?

Meibomian gland dysfunction is a common condition in which the oil‑secreting glands along the eyelid margins become blocked or produce poor‑quality meibum, destabilising the tear film and contributing to evaporative dry eye.

## Signs and Symptoms

Patients may complain of burning, grittiness, fluctuating vision, and intolerance of contact lenses; examination shows thickened or capped gland openings and frothy or turbid secretions.

- Often associated with blepharitis and ocular rosacea.
- Prolonged screen use and reduced blinking can worsen symptoms.
- Chronic obstruction can lead to gland dropout on imaging such as meibography.
- Untreated MGD is a leading cause of persistent dry eye complaints.

## Treatment

Core management includes regular warm compresses, lid massage, and cleansing to improve gland flow, alongside lubricating drops.

- Omega‑3 supplementation, topical anti‑inflammatories, or oral tetracyclines may be added in moderate to severe disease.
- In‑office thermal pulsation, intense pulsed light, or manual expression can help resistant cases.
- Consistent daily care is usually needed long term to maintain comfort.
- Early intervention may slow irreversible gland loss.