---
title: Retinal vein occlusion
description: "[Retinal vein occlusion](https://bluefinvision.com/blog/what-is-retinal-vein-occlusion/) happens when a vein draining blood from the retina becomes blocked. This blockage causes swelling and bleeding that can blur or distort central and peripheral vision. ## Why the vein becomes blocked Blood flow slows or clots…"
url: "https://bluefinvision.com/knowledge-base/topics/conditions-diseases/retinal-vein-occlusion/"
updated: "2026-01-22"
category: "Conditions & Diseases"
---

# Retinal vein occlusion

[Retinal vein occlusion](https://bluefinvision.com/blog/what-is-retinal-vein-occlusion/) happens when a vein draining blood from the retina becomes blocked. This blockage causes swelling and bleeding that can blur or distort central and peripheral vision.

## Why the vein becomes blocked

Blood flow slows or clots within the retinal vein, similar to a deep vein thrombosis in the leg. This is more likely with certain general health conditions.

- High blood pressure, diabetes, and glaucoma increase risk.
- Smoking and raised cholesterol also contribute.
- Blockage may affect the central vein or a smaller branch.
- Vision loss is usually sudden and painless.
- Eye examination and OCT scans confirm the diagnosis and extent.

## Treatment and long-term care

Treatment focuses on reducing macular swelling and preventing complications. Managing general health is just as important as eye therapy.

- Anti-VEGF or steroid injections help clear macular oedema.
- Laser treatment may reduce risk of abnormal new vessels.
- Regular follow-up checks for pressure changes and new bleeding.
- Blood pressure, glucose, and cholesterol control lower future risk.
- Report any sudden new blur or dark patches promptly.