---
title: Microphthalmia and anophthalmia
description: "Microphthalmia is an abnormally small eye, while anophthalmia is apparent absence of an eye. Both arise from disrupted eye development in early pregnancy. ## Features and associations Severity ranges from mild size reduction to complete absence. - Often associated with…"
url: "https://bluefinvision.com/knowledge-base/topics/conditions-diseases/microphthalmia-and-anophthalmia/"
updated: "2025-12-17"
category: "Conditions & Diseases"
---

# Microphthalmia and anophthalmia

Microphthalmia is an abnormally small eye, while anophthalmia is apparent absence of an eye. Both arise from disrupted eye development in early pregnancy.

## Features and associations

Severity ranges from mild size reduction to complete absence.

- Often associated with coloboma, cataract, or other ocular malformations
- May occur in isolation or as part of genetic or chromosomal syndromes
- Marked cosmetic and functional implications, especially when bilateral
- Imaging helps distinguish severe microphthalmia from true anophthalmia

## Management

Care focuses on cosmesis, protection, and supporting development.

- Custom conformers and prosthetic eyes to stimulate socket and facial growth
- Visual stimulation and low-vision support where useful vision is present
- Genetic counselling and systemic evaluation for associated anomalies
- Psychological and social support for families