---
title: Intraocular melanoma
description: "Intraocular melanoma most commonly arises from uveal melanocytes in adults. It is the most frequent primary intraocular malignancy in this group. ## Clinical features Many tumours are found incidentally, though symptoms can occur. - Pigmented or amelanotic choroidal or ciliary…"
url: "https://bluefinvision.com/knowledge-base/topics/conditions-diseases/intraocular-melanoma/"
updated: "2025-12-17"
category: "Conditions & Diseases"
---

# Intraocular melanoma

Intraocular melanoma most commonly arises from uveal melanocytes in adults. It is the most frequent primary intraocular malignancy in this group.

## Clinical features

Many tumours are found incidentally, though symptoms can occur.

- Pigmented or amelanotic choroidal or ciliary body mass on examination
- Visual symptoms such as blur, field defects, or flashes and floaters
- Risk factors include light skin, light irides, and certain genetic changes
- Ultrasound and imaging help distinguish tumours from benign naevi

## Management

Treatment balances tumour control with visual preservation.

- Plaque brachytherapy or proton beam radiotherapy for many medium-sized tumours
- Enucleation for large or painful eyes or when vision cannot be saved
- Systemic staging and liver surveillance because of metastatic risk
- Long-term ocular and oncological follow-up